#Current Energy System

Figure 9 shows the current flows in the U.S. energy system, from primary energy on the left to delivered final energy to end-use sectors on the right. Electric generation is provided from a mix of coal, natural gas, nuclear, and renewables. Note that renewables are represented in terms of direct equivalent. Natural gas is also used in buildings and industry and as input to hydrogen production. Petroleum is used predominantly for the production of liquid fuels for transportation, while electricity is used by the buildings (including residential and commercial) and industry sectors. The base year for this analysis is a modeled 2020 that excludes impacts of the pandemic, thus more closely resembling actual energy and emissions outcomes in 2019.