#Reference Opt-Tech

In the Reference Opt-Tech scenario, the most significant impact of more optimistic technology assumptions is the increased deployment of bioenergy to biofuels (Figure 18). The larger supply of bioenergy feedstocks and lower conversion costs create more opportunities for biofuels to compete economically with petroleum-based liquids, even without an economy-wide carbon incentive. Moreover, the 45Q incentive for carbon capture is sufficient to motivate some of this capacity to operate with CCS, leading to lower petroleum use and lower emissions.